Definition |
Mathematical data associated with cartographic material, including a statement of scale, statement of projection, and/or a statement of bounding coordinates. The coordinates can represent a bounding rectangle, the outline of the area covered, and/or the outline of a statement of bounding coordinates. For celestial charts, it may also contain a statement of zone, declination data, and/or right ascension data, and/or equinox. Use field 034 for cartographic mathematical data in coded form corresponding to data recorded in field 255. Use field 500 for additional information about projection, coordinates, zone, and equinox. If you are entering a scale note for pre-RDA and pre-AACR2 cataloging, use field 507. Use separate 255 fields for a multipart item with two different scales or a single item with components having two different scales. If a multipart item has three or more different scales, use one 255 field and enter Scales differ. If this scale within a single item varies and the largest and smallest values are known, record the range. If the largest and smallest values are unknown, enter Scale varies. If the scale cannot be determined or estimated, enter Scale not given. If the cartographic content is not drawn to scale, enter Not drawn to scale. See RDA 7.25 and Cartographic Materials, a Manual for Interpretation of AACR2, 2002 revision, for more information. For information on punctuation, see the Punctuation section below. |
1st Indicator |
Undefined. The 1st indicator position is undefined and contains a blank. |
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Undefined |
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2nd Indicator |
Undefined. The 2nd indicator position is undefined and contains a blank. |
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Undefined |
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Subfields |
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| ǂa Statement of scale |
The entire scale statement including any equivalency statements. Vertical scales or vertical exaggeration statements for relief models or other three-dimensional items are also included in subfield ǂa.
| 255 |
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Scale approximately 1:63,360 |
| [Item indicates the scale is approximate] |
| 255 |
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Scale approximately 1:100,000 |
| [Scale measured using a natural scale indicator] |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:253,440. 1 in. = 4 miles |
| [Verbal scale calculated into a representative fraction] |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:3,960. 7 in. equal 140 rods |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:250,000. Vertical scale 1:25,000 |
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| ǂb Statement of projection |
The entire projection statement.
| 255 |
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Scale 1:2,500,000. 39.46 miles to the in. ; ǂb Albers conical equal-area projection |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:11,500,000 ; ǂb azimuthal equidistant projection ǂc (E 20°00'--E 80°00'/N 60°00'--N 10°00') |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:6,000,000. 94.7 miles to the in. ; ǂb Chamberlin trimetric projection |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:300,000 ; ǂb Gauss-Kruger conformal projection |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:63,360. 1 in. to the mile ; ǂb Lambert conformal conic projection ǂc (W 119°22ʹ30ʺ--W 117°52ʹ30ʺ/N 38°15ʹ00ʺ--N 36°00ʹ00ʺ) |
| 255 |
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Scale approximately 1:65,000,000 at the equator ; ǂb Mercator projection ǂc (W 180°--E 180°/N 80°--S 70°) |
| 255 |
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Scales differ ; ǂb polar stereographic projection |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:24,000 ; ǂb polyconic projection |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:35,000,000 ; ǂb Robinson projection, standard parallels 38°N and 38°S ǂc (W 180°--E 180°/N 90°--S 90°) |
| 255 |
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Scale approximately 1:4,750,000. 75 miles to the in. ; ǂb simple conic projection, with true parallels at 40° and 60° |
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| ǂc Statement of coordinates |
Coordinates are recorded in the order of westernmost longitude, easternmost longitude, northernmost latitude, and southernmost latitude. Record coordinates in the form hemisphere-degrees-minutes-seconds or, in other forms, such as decimal degrees. Enclose the coordinates in parentheses. The two longitude statements and the two latitude statements are each separated by two hyphens. The longitude is separated from the latitude by a slash.
| 255 |
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Scale not given ǂc (W 150°--W 30°/N 70°--N 40°) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:250,000 ; ǂb transverse Mercator projection. Everest spheroid ǂc (W 74°50ʹ--W 74°40ʹ/N 45°05ʹ--N 45°00ʹ) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:7,500,000 ǂc (W 125°--W 65°/N 49°--N 25°) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:126,720 ǂc (W 79°33ʹ--78°34ʹ/N 42°04ʹ--N 41°15ʹ) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:90,000 ; ǂb Albers equal area projection ǂc (W 104°45ʹ00ʺ--W 103°17ʹ11ʺ/N 44°49ʹ23ʺ--N 43°16ʹ10ʺ) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 79.533265°--E 86.216635°/S 12.583377°--S 20.419532°) |
| [Coordinates presented as decimal degrees] |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 079°32.5332ʹ--E 086°07.4478ʹ/S 012°35.5421ʹ--S 020°28.9704ʹ) |
| [Coordinates presented as degrees and decimal minutes] |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 79°32ʹ35.575ʺ--E 86°07ʹ27.350ʺ/S 1°25ʹ36.895ʺ--S 20°28ʹ58.125ʺ) |
| [Coordinates presented as degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds] |
If you enter the coordinates to define a center point rather than outside limits "bounding box", enter a single longitude and a single latitude (two sets of values instead of four):
| 255 |
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Scale 1:75,000 ǂc (W 95°05ʹ/N 30°03ʹ) |
| 255 |
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Scale 1:25,000 ǂc (W 119.697222/N 034.420833) |
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Entering coordinates. Use the following characters to enter degrees, minutes, and seconds:
| Symbol |
Action |
| degrees |
Use U+00B0 (degree sign) |
| minutes |
Use U+02B9 (modifier letter prime or miagkii znak) |
| seconds |
Use U+02BA (modifier letter double prime or tverdyi znak) |
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| ǂd Statement of zone |
The statement of zone for celestial charts.
| 255 |
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Scales approximately 3 cm per degree ǂd (Zones -18° to -3°, -31° to -46°, -44° to 59°, -57° to -72°, -69° to -84° ; ǂe equinox 1875) |
| 255 |
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Scale not given ǂd (Right ascension 0 hr. to 24 hr./Declination +90° to -90°) |
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| ǂe Statement of equinox |
The statement of equinox or epoch.
| 255 |
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Scale approximately 60 mm per 1° ǂd (Zones +90° to +87°, +87° to +81°, +81° to 75° ...-27° to -33° ; ǂe equinox 1950, epoch 1949-1958) |
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| ǂf Outer G-ring coordinate pairs |
Coordinate pairs that identify the closed nonintersecting boundary of the area covered. |
| ǂg Exclusion G-ring coordinate pairs |
Coordinate pairs that identify the closed nonintersecting boundary of the area contained within the excluded G-polygon outer ring. |
| ǂ6 Linkage |
Data that link fields when non-Latin script is entered. This subfield is system supplied and does not appear in OCLC online displays. Do not manually add subfield ǂ6. For more information about subfield ǂ6, see Control Subfields. |
| ǂ7 Data provenance |
For information about subfield ǂ7, see the Data Provenance Subfields section of Control Subfields. |
| ǂ8 Field link and sequence number |
For information about subfield ǂ8, see Control Subfields. |
Punctuation |
For records containing ISBD punctuation, follow these instructions:
- Omit any punctuation between the word Scale (or its equivalents in other languages) and the representative fraction
- Precede any additional scale information following the representative fraction by a period-space
- Precede subfield ǂb by a space-semicolon-space
- Enclose the text within any single or consecutive occurrences of subfields ǂc, ǂd, and/or ǂe within one set of parentheses
- Separate two sets of longitude and latitude within a statement of coordinates by a slash
- Separate each longitude or latitude from its counterpart within a statement of coordinates by two hyphens, not preceded or followed by a space
- Enclose any text within brackets as required by cataloging instructions
- Include incidental punctuation needed within any subfields, e.g., commas, periods (following abbreviations or initials), etc.
- Optionally, add a terminal period at the end of the field unless the last subfield ends with an ellipsis or period (following an abbreviation or initial)
| 255 |
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Scale 1:32,000,000 at equator ; ǂb Van der Grinten projection ǂc (W 180°--E 180°/N 85°--S 65°). |
For records containing non-ISBD punctuation, see the cataloging instructions used to create the record. For records containing minimal or no punctuation, include punctuation needed within any subfields. Otherwise, omit the punctuation outlined above.
| 255 |
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Scale 1:32,000,000 at equator ǂb Van der Grinten projection ǂc W 180°--E 180°/N 85°--S 65° |
For more information on punctuation, including OCLC policy, see section 2.8, Punctuation. |
Indexing |
For indexing and searching information, see Searching WorldCat Indexes, field 255. |
MARC 21 |
For more information, including content designator history, see MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, field 255. |
