Definition |
Statement relating to the publication, printing, distribution, issue, release, or production of a work. Information in field 264 is similar to information in field 260. Field 264 is useful for cases where the content standard or institutional policies make a distinction between functions. The Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) has published the PCC Guidelines for the 264 field. When using field 264, follow these guidelines. Note this comment on rare or special materials:
It should be noted that these guidelines do not address the application of the 264 field for materials cataloged under the standards for Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials (DCRM) or other standards for specialized materials. The communities working on the application of RDA for specialized materials will need to develop appropriate guidelines for using the 264 field with those materials.
Questions or comments about the PCC Guidelines for the 264 field should be addressed to coop@loc.gov. For information on punctuation, see the Punctuation section below. |
1st Indicator |
Sequence of statements. |
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Not applicable/No information provided/Earliest. Used when a resource is first cataloged. Information present when value is blank is not changed (unless incorrect or earlier issues of a serial are later available with differing publishing information). Defined as "No information provided" for monographic works that are complete as first issued.
| 264 |
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1 |
Columbia, S.C. : ǂb H.W. Williams Co., ǂc 1982 |
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| 2 |
Intervening. Used when the place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture or the name of the producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer changes. Additional production, publication, distribution, manufacture statements between the earliest and latest may also be recorded with 1st indicator value 2.
| 264 |
2 |
1 |
ǂ3 April 1937-April 1968: ǂa Chicago : ǂb Hewitt Bros. |
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| 3 |
Current/Latest. Used when the name of the producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer changes, or when the place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture associated with the earliest statement changes. The current statement may be added with 1st indicator value 3. Data given in a subsequent statement can be changed to reflect the current information when only the earliest and most current data is needed.
| 264 |
3 |
1 |
ǂ3 <2013-> : ǂa Thorofare, NJ : ǂb Healio.com |
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2nd Indicator |
Function of entity. |
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| 0 |
Production. Field contains a statement relating to the inscription, fabrication, construction, etc., of a resource in an unpublished form.
| 264 |
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0 |
[Denver, Colorado?] : ǂb [producer not identified], ǂc [1940?] |
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| 1 |
Publication. Field contains a statement relating to the publication, release, or issuing of a resource.
| 264 |
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1 |
Washington : ǂb U.S. G.P.O., ǂc 1981- |
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| 2 |
Distribution. Field contains a statement relating to the distribution of a resource.
| 264 |
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2 |
[Place of distribution not identified] : ǂb Adirondack Distributors, ǂc 2012 |
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| 3 |
Manufacture. Field contains a statement relating to the printing, duplicating, casting, etc., of a resource in a published form.
| 264 |
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3 |
Nassau, Bahamas : ǂb Executive Printers of the Bahamas Ltd., ǂc 2012 |
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| 4 |
Copyright notice date. Field contains a date associated with a notice of protection under copyright or a similar regime. Copyright dates include phonogram dates (i.e., dates associated with claims of protection for sound recordings). If using 2nd indicator 4, do not enter subfields ǂa or ǂb.
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Subfields |
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| ǂa Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Place of production, publication, distribution, or manufacture, transcribed as it appears on the source of information.
| 264 |
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1 |
Boston : ǂb [publisher not identified], ǂc 2010 |
| 264 |
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3 |
Cambridge : ǂb Kinsey Printing Company |
| [On source: Published in Boston, 2010; Cambridge -- Kinsey Printing Company; no distribution information] |
| 264 |
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1 |
Rankin, Pennsylvania : ǂb St. Mary's Church, ǂc 1928 |
| 264 |
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1 |
Warrendale, PA, U.S.A. : ǂb SAE International, ǂc [1994] |
| 264 |
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1 |
[Place of publication not identified] : ǂb [publisher not identified], ǂc 2009 |
| 264 |
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2 |
Kuala Lumpur : ǂb Pengedar, Metro Book Distributor |
| 264 |
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3 |
[Place of manufacture not identified] : ǂb BRC Printing & Desktop Publishing Ltd. |
| 264 |
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1 |
Cham ; ǂa Heidelberg ; ǂa New York ; ǂa Dordrecht ; ǂa London : ǂb Springer, ǂc [2014] |
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| ǂb Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
Name of producer, publisher, distributor, or manufacturer, transcribed as it appears on the source of information.
| 264 |
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1 |
[Place of publication not identified] : ǂb ABC Publishers, ǂc 2009 |
| 264 |
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2 |
Seattle : ǂb Iverson Company |
| [On source: ABC Publishers, 2009; distributed by Iverson Company, Seattle] |
| 264 |
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1 |
New York, New York : ǂb Dell Publishing Co., Inc., ǂc [1972] |
| 264 |
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1 |
New York, N.Y. : ǂb New York Labor News Company, ǂc [1961] |
| 264 |
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1 |
[Chicago?] : ǂb Chicago and North Western Line, ǂc [1940?] |
| 264 |
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1 |
New York : ǂb Basic Books, a member of the Perseus Books Group, ǂc [2014] |
| 264 |
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1 |
Munchen, Germany : ǂb C.H. Beck ; ǂa Oxford, United Kingdom : ǂb Hart ; ǂa Baden-Baden, Germany : ǂb Nomos ; ǂa Basel, Switzerland : ǂb Helbing Lichtenhahn, ǂc 2014 |
| 264 |
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2 |
[Place of distribution not identified] : ǂb Distributed by Hal Leonard |
| 264 |
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3 |
Hong Kong : ǂb [manufacturer not identified], ǂc [1995] |
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| ǂc Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice. Precede a copyright date by the copyright symbol or the phonogram copyright symbol.
| 264 |
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1 |
New York : ǂb Printed by order of the Board of Trustees, ǂc 1875 |
| 264 |
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1 |
Washington, D.C. : ǂb International Republican Institute, ǂc [date of publication not identified] |
| 264 |
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1 |
New York : ǂb Carlton and Lanahan, ǂc [between 1868 and 1872] |
| 264 |
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2 |
Waverly, IA : ǂb Distributed by CQ Products, ǂc [2010] |
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| Archival material guidelines for ǂc |
Enter the date of production of an archival collection as a year or range of years. If you are cataloging a single manuscript, you may include the month and day in that order following the year, if appropriate.
| 245 |
1 |
0 |
Life of Romney |
| 264 |
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0 |
ǂc 1807 |
| 245 |
1 |
0 |
Exil / ǂc St.-J. Perse |
| 264 |
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0 |
ǂc 1941 |
| 245 |
1 |
0 |
Alice's adventures under ground : ǂb a Christmas gift to a dear child in memory of a summer day / ǂc [Lewis Carroll (Rev. C.L. Dodgson)] |
| 264 |
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0 |
ǂc 1864 |
| 245 |
1 |
0 |
Sonnet, To Genevra / ǂc [Lord Byron] |
| 264 |
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0 |
ǂc 1813 Dec. 17 |
| 245 |
0 |
0 |
Letter, 1854 Dec. 22, Washington, D.C. [to] Abraham Lincoln Springfield, Ill. |
| [No 264 field is used] |
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| CNR guidelines for ǂc |
Enter the date of publication of a continuing resource, even if it coincides with the date given in a formatted 362 field.
| 264 |
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1 |
Mount Vernon, NY : ǂb Consumers Union of United States, ǂc 1942- |
| 362 |
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Vol. 7, no. 6 (June 1942)- |
If no subfield ǂc is present because the cataloging is not based on the first issue, do not use any final punctuation at the end of the data in subfield ǂb.
| 264 |
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1 |
Des Moines, IA : ǂb Special Interest Publications |
| 588 |
0 |
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Fall 1981; title from cover. |
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| COM guidelines for ǂc |
These are the dates of first availability of the major computer file media. Dates earlier than these cannot be a valid date of publication for that computer file medium. Earlier dates may represent such bibliographic events as release date in a different computer file medium, etc.
- 3 1/2 inch floppy disk: 1982
- 5 1/2 inch floppy disk: 1976
- 8 inch floppy disk: 1971
- CD-ROM: 1985
- DVD-ROM: 1996
- Electronic files remotely accessed via the World Wide Web: 1991
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| REC guidelines for ǂc |
If the date of recording differs from the date of publication, enter the date of recording in coded form in field 033 and in textual form in field 518.
| 033 |
0 |
0 |
1961---- |
| 264 |
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1 |
[New York] : ǂb Music Guild, ǂc 1971 |
| 518 |
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Recorded in 1961 |
These are the dates of first availability of some of the major audio media. Dates earlier than these cannot be a valid date of publication for that audio medium. Earlier dates may represent such bibliographic events as date of sound capture, release date in a different audio medium, etc.
- Audio cassette: 1965
- Audio CD: 1982
- DVD-Audio: 2000
- LP: 1948
- MP3-CD: 2000
- MP3 file: 1995
- Playaway: 2005
- Reel-to-reel tape: 1954
- Streaming audio: 1999
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| VIS guidelines for ǂc |
These are the dates of first availability of some of the major videorecording media. Dates earlier than these cannot be a valid date of publication for that videorecording medium. Earlier dates may represent such bibliographic events as release date in a different videorecording medium, etc.
- Beta cassettes: 1975
- Blu-ray disc: 2006
- CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) standard play laser optical discs: 1978
- CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) standard play laser optical discs: 1978
- CED (Capacitance Electronic Disc) video discs: 1981
- DVD-Video: 1996 (Japan); 1997 (USA)
- Streaming video: 1999
- U-matic/U-standard cassettes: 1971
- VHS cassettes: 1976
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| ǂ3 Materials specified |
For information about subfield ǂ3, see Control Subfields.
| 264 |
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1 |
ǂ3 <1976-> : ǂa New York, NY : ǂb Alan R. Liss, Inc. |
| 264 |
3 |
1 |
ǂ3 <2005-> : ǂa Hoboken, N.J. : ǂb Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
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| ǂ6 Linkage |
Data that link fields when non-Latin script is entered. This subfield is system supplied and does not appear in OCLC online displays. Do not manually add subfield ǂ6. For more information about subfield ǂ6, see Control Subfields. |
| ǂ7 Data provenance |
For information about subfield ǂ7, see the Data Provenance Subfields section of Control Subfields.
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| ǂ8 Field link and sequence number |
For information about subfield ǂ8, see Control Subfields. |
Punctuation |
For records containing ISBD punctuation, follow these instructions:
- Optionally, follow an initial subfield ǂ3 by a colon-space or a space-colon-space if following an open date
- Precede second and subsequent occurrences of subfield ǂa by a space-semicolon-space
- Precede each occurrence of subfield ǂb by a space-colon-space
- Precede each occurrence of subfield ǂc by a comma-space
- Precede any parallel statement within a subfield by a space-equals-space
- Enclose any text within brackets as required by cataloging instructions
- Include incidental punctuation needed within any subfields, e.g., commas, periods (following abbreviations or initials), etc.
- Optionally, add a terminal period at the end of the field unless the last subfield ends with an ellipsis, exclamation point, hyphen, period (following an abbreviation or initial), question mark, closing bracket, or closing parenthesis
| 264 |
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1 |
London ; ǂa New York : ǂb Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, ǂc 2018. |
For records containing non-ISBD punctuation, see the cataloging instructions used to create the record. For records containing minimal or no punctuation, include brackets and incidental punctuation needed within any subfields. Otherwise, omit the punctuation outlined above.
| 264 |
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1 |
London ǂa New York ǂb Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group ǂc 2018 |
For more information on punctuation, including OCLC policy, see section 2.8, Punctuation. |
Indexing |
For indexing and searching information, see Searching WorldCat Indexes, field 264. |
MARC 21 |
For more information, including content designator history, see MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, field 264. |
